smt: test that subtree logic can correctly construct an entire tree

This commit ensures that `SparseMerkleTree::build_subtree()` can
correctly compose into building an entire sparse Merkle tree, without
yet getting into potential complications concurrency introduces.

src/merkle/smt/mod.rs

@@ -729,8 +729,8 @@ mod test {
     use alloc::{collections::BTreeMap, vec::Vec};
 
     use super::{
-        PairComputations, SmtLeaf, SparseMerkleTree, SubtreeLeaf, SubtreeLeavesIter,
-        COLS_PER_SUBTREE, SUBTREE_DEPTH,
+        InnerNode, LeafIndex, PairComputations, SmtLeaf, SparseMerkleTree, SubtreeLeaf,
+        SubtreeLeavesIter, COLS_PER_SUBTREE, SUBTREE_DEPTH,
     };
 
     use crate::{
@@ -939,4 +939,105 @@ mod test {
             assert_eq!(control, hash);
         }
     }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_singlethreaded_subtrees() {
+        const PAIR_COUNT: u64 = COLS_PER_SUBTREE * 64;
+
+        let entries = generate_entries(PAIR_COUNT);
+
+        let control = Smt::with_entries(entries.clone()).unwrap();
+
+        let mut accumulated_nodes: BTreeMap<NodeIndex, InnerNode> = Default::default();
+
+        let PairComputations {
+            leaves: mut leaf_subtrees,
+            nodes: test_leaves,
+        } = Smt::sorted_pairs_to_leaves(entries);
+
+        for current_depth in (SUBTREE_DEPTH..=SMT_DEPTH).step_by(SUBTREE_DEPTH as usize).rev() {
+            // There's no flat_map_unzip(), so this is the best we can do.
+            let (nodes, subtrees): (Vec<BTreeMap<_, _>>, Vec<Vec<SubtreeLeaf>>) = leaf_subtrees
+                .into_iter()
+                .enumerate()
+                .map(|(i, subtree)| {
+                    // Pre-assertions.
+                    assert!(
+                        subtree.is_sorted(),
+                        "subtree {i} at bottom-depth {current_depth} is not sorted",
+                    );
+                    assert!(
+                        !subtree.is_empty(),
+                        "subtree {i} at bottom-depth {current_depth} is empty!",
+                    );
+
+                    // Do actual things.
+                    let (nodes, next_leaves) = Smt::build_subtree(subtree, current_depth);
+                    // Post-assertions.
+                    assert!(next_leaves.is_sorted());
+
+                    for (&index, test_node) in nodes.iter() {
+                        let control_node = control.get_inner_node(index);
+                        assert_eq!(
+                            test_node, &control_node,
+                            "depth {} subtree {}: test node does not match control at index {:?}",
+                            current_depth, i, index,
+                        );
+                    }
+
+                    (nodes, next_leaves)
+                })
+                .unzip();
+
+            // Update state between each depth iteration.
+
+            let mut all_leaves: Vec<SubtreeLeaf> = subtrees.into_iter().flatten().collect();
+            leaf_subtrees = SubtreeLeavesIter::from_leaves(&mut all_leaves).collect();
+            accumulated_nodes.extend(nodes.into_iter().flatten());
+
+            assert!(!leaf_subtrees.is_empty(), "on depth {current_depth}");
+        }
+
+        // Make sure the true leaves match, first checking length and then checking each individual
+        // leaf.
+        let control_leaves: BTreeMap<_, _> = control.leaves().collect();
+        let control_leaves_len = control_leaves.len();
+        let test_leaves_len = test_leaves.len();
+        assert_eq!(test_leaves_len, control_leaves_len);
+        for (col, ref test_leaf) in test_leaves {
+            let index = LeafIndex::new_max_depth(col);
+            let &control_leaf = control_leaves.get(&index).unwrap();
+            assert_eq!(test_leaf, control_leaf, "test leaf at column {col} does not match control");
+        }
+
+        // Make sure the inner nodes match, checking length first and then each individual leaf.
+        let control_nodes_len = control.inner_nodes().count();
+        let test_nodes_len = accumulated_nodes.len();
+        assert_eq!(test_nodes_len, control_nodes_len);
+        for (index, test_node) in accumulated_nodes.clone() {
+            let control_node = control.get_inner_node(index);
+            assert_eq!(test_node, control_node, "test node does not match control at {index:?}");
+        }
+
+        // After the last iteration of the above for loop, we should have the new root node actually
+        // in two places: one in `accumulated_nodes`, and the other as the "next leaves" return from
+        // `build_subtree()`. So let's check both!
+
+        let control_root = control.get_inner_node(NodeIndex::root());
+
+        // That for loop should have left us with only one leaf subtree...
+        let [leaf_subtree]: [Vec<_>; 1] = leaf_subtrees.try_into().unwrap();
+        // which itself contains only one 'leaf'...
+        let [root_leaf]: [SubtreeLeaf; 1] = leaf_subtree.try_into().unwrap();
+        // which matches the expected root.
+        assert_eq!(control.root(), root_leaf.hash);
+
+        // Likewise `accumulated_nodes` should contain a node at the root index...
+        assert!(accumulated_nodes.contains_key(&NodeIndex::root()));
+        // and it should match our actual root.
+        let test_root = accumulated_nodes.get(&NodeIndex::root()).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(control_root, *test_root);
+        // And of course the root we got from each place should match.
+        assert_eq!(control.root(), root_leaf.hash);
+    }
 }